Pocket-rule



(No Model.)

H. JUDD.

BUCKET RULE.

No. 330,887. Patented Nov. 17, 1885.

N. PETERS. Flwxo-Lmmgnpher. wnsmngmn. n. Cv

'eral parts joined by a metal hinge.

UNiTnn STATES.

FaTnNT Oriana.

HENRY JUDD, OF VEST CHESHIRE, ASSIGNOR OF-ONEHALF TO JOHN SCOTT, OF SOUTHINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

POCKET-RULE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 330,837, dated November 17, 1885.

Application tiled March 30, 1885.

T0 all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, HENRY JUDD, of Vest Cheshire,in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented new Improve ments in Pocket-Rules; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings, and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specication, and represent, in-

Figure l, a perspective view; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section through the quarter-hinge; Fig. 8, the quarter-hinge and end vportion of one of the parts in perspective detached; Fig. 4, a transverse section through one ofthe parts 5 Fig. 5, a longitudinal section showing the construction ofthe center hinge, Figs. 6, 7, and S, detached parts of the center hinge; Fig. 9, a perspective view of the one part, A, showing the filling b as introduced preparatory to receiving the wings a a.

This invention relates to an improvement in the manufacture of pocket-rules, such as are made in several parts, and so as to fold into close compact shape. Heretofore these rules have been made from ivory, wood, and various other non-metallic materials, the sev- Usually the wear upon the surface is very great, and the figures and graduations upon the outer surface of therule are quickly dcfaced. Again, wood or ivory,unless supported by an eXpensive metallic edge, break very easily, and when once broken repairs are too expensive to be practical.

The object of my invention is to construct this class of rules from metal, and yet make them substantially no heavier than non-metallic material; and it consists in a rule having the several parts constructed of tubular metal, the several parts hinged together, and as more fully hereinafter described.

In representing the rule I show it as made of four sections,to fold in the usual manner or" a four-part rule, the central hinge being in the horizontal plane of the parts, and the hinges at the quarters at right angles to the plane of the parts.

A represents one part, a portion of which Serial No. 160,551. (No model.)

is broken away to show it in section. The several sections or parts are made from tubular metal drawn into iiat shape, as seen in Fig. 4. This tubing may be made from brass or any suitable metall which may be readily drawn to size. To the part A two wings, a a, of the central hinge are applied. These (see Fig. 7 are made of thin metal, as in the usual manner of making such hinges for non metallic rules. The end of the part A to which the hinge is to be applied has a filling, b, (see Fig. 8,) introduced, as seen lin Fig. 5. Then the two wings a a are applied upon opposite sides and riveted through. The piece b may be secured by solder or otherwise. The other part, d, of the hinge is constructed as seen in Fig. 6, and so as to extend into the end of the adjacent part, B, as seen in Fig. 5. The quarter hinge is made as seen in Fig. 3, the knuckle portion e being the same as in the usual construction. Each part of the knuckle, however, is constructed with a flap, f, one to extend into the one part, A, as seen in Fig.2, and the other into the adjacent part, C, as also seen in Fig. 2, rivets being introduced through the parts and wings to secure them in place, or otherwise. Under this construction of rules the parts may be made very much smaller in size than in the usual construction oi' rules, and so much smaller that the weight of the metal will be little if any more than ivory or wood, and yet will be veryv much stronger than any non-metallic material can be. The surface of the parts is graduated in the usual manner, and, because of presenting an entire metal surface, is more durable than non-metallic material can be; hence the usual defacing of the graduations is avoided.

In illustrating the invention I have shown a four-part rule, each representing three inches; but the parts are represented very much larger than they will be in practical manufacture, this increased size being for convenience of illustration. Il' the metal be light, it will be desirable to lill the parts with some material which will sustain the metal. This may be a material introduced in a plastic state and hardened therein, or other non-metallic material may be introduced, but ordinarily lling Will not be necessary.

I claim- IOO 1. The herein-described pocket-rule, cornposed of several parts hinged together and so as to fold into a compact shape, each of the parts constructed from tubular metal, substantially as described.

2. A folding pocket-rule having the parts made from tubular metal, the hinge for the quarter-fold consisting of a pair of knuckles, each pair constructed with a flap, f, introduced into the end of the adjacent tubular parts and secured therein, substantially as described.

3. In a folding pocket-rule having the parts madefrom tubular metaLthe central hinge composed of two Wings, a a, secured to the one part,

with alling-block, Z2, introduced into the end of the said one part between said Wings, and the second part, d, of the hinge constructed to extend into the end of the corresponding tubular part, substantially as described.

4. A pocket-rule composed of several parts hinged togethei1 and so as to fold into a compact shape, each of the parts constructed from tubular metal, and the parts filled with a non-metallic material, substantially as described.

HENRY J UDD. y"Witnesses:

JOHN E. EARLE, Jos. C. EARLE. 

